Proximal Deictic Temporal Reference with Calendar Units

version corrigéeThe paper centres on deictic reference to temporal segments of the near future or past using of the fundamental calendar units (days, years, weeks, months) and their divisions (days of the week, parts of the day). • The global aim of the study: to identify language specific and cross linguistic patterns in the linguistic use of calendar units. • A more specific goal: determining to what extent temporal reference can be achieved through linguistic calendar expressions independently of other elements—how much of the necessary information is directly encoded in them and how much is supplied by additional linguistic and extra-linguistic elements. We presents initial results of ongoing research. We will consider here some of the properties of three types of expressions employing linguistic calendar terms: the fundamental units (day, year, week, month), parts of the day and the (named) days of the week. The fundamental units have been examined (to varying degrees of depth) in some 20 languages of various language families. The other units have only been examined in a more limited set of languages, at this stage. As will be shown, the three types of expressions reflect temporal reference to different levels or different cycles and their linguistic behaviour reveals differences in the temporal information they encode and in their ability to function independently as temporal markers

Proximal Deixis with Calendar Terms: Cross-linguistic Patterns of Temporal Reference

An analysis of deictic temporal reference using major calendar units (day, year, week, month) and their divisions (days of the week, parts of day). Our analysis shows systematic inter-linguistic tendencies et indicates that each type of unit encodes different information, affecting their capacity to function independently as temporal markers, in the absence of additional linguistic or extra-linguistic elements.Cette étude analyse la référence temporelle déictique avec des segments fondamentales du calendrier (jours, années, semaines, mois) et leurs divisions (jours de la semaine, certaines parties de la journée). Notre analyse montre des tendances inter-linguistiques systématiques et indique que chaque type encode des informations différentes qui affectent leur capacité de fonctionner indépendamment en tant que marqueurs temporels en l'absence d'autres éléments linguistiques et extra-linguistiques

1st Annual LGBT Symposium Professor’s Gratitude

Thank-you letter given to professors who participated in the 1st LGBTQ Symposiu

Sample-based distance-approximation for subsequence-freeness

In this work, we study the problem of approximating the distance to subsequence-freeness in the sample-based distribution-free model. For a given subsequence (word) $w = w_1 \dots w_k$, a sequence (text) $T = t_1 \dots t_n$ is said to contain $w$ if there exist indices $1 \leq i_1 < \dots < i_k \leq n$ such that $t_{i_{j}} = w_j$ for every $1 \leq j \leq k$. Otherwise, $T$ is $w$-free. Ron and Rosin (ACM TOCT 2022) showed that the number of samples both necessary and sufficient for one-sided error testing of subsequence-freeness in the sample-based distribution-free model is $\Theta(k/\epsilon)$. Denoting by $\Delta(T,w,p)$ the distance of $T$ to $w$-freeness under a distribution $p :[n]\to [0,1]$, we are interested in obtaining an estimate $\widehat{\Delta}$, such that $|\widehat{\Delta} - \Delta(T,w,p)| \leq \delta$ with probability at least $2/3$, for a given distance parameter $\delta$. Our main result is an algorithm whose sample complexity is $\tilde{O}(k^2/\delta^2)$. We first present an algorithm that works when the underlying distribution $p$ is uniform, and then show how it can be modified to work for any (unknown) distribution $p$. We also show that a quadratic dependence on $1/\delta$ is necessary

La référence des compléments en hier/aujourd'hui/demain

Les termes hier, aujourd'hui et demain forment une triade de repérage temporel déictique naturellement associée à l'unité temporelle Jour 1 avec des emplois métaphoriques qui décrivent des phases contiguës du cycle de vie d'un individu ou d'une société. Aucun indice morphosyntaxique ne permet de distinguer la référence calendaire de la référence d'une periode, bien qu'il n'y ait aucune ambiguïté pour un bon locuteur, qui choisit selon la pertinence contextuelle. Ces deux acceptions renvoient a priori à deux façons de découper le continuum temporel : l'une selon une structure conventionnelle, chronométrique, donnée a priori, et l'autre empirique, qui dépend de la situation. La question se pose de savoir qu'elles sont les conditions cognitives qui permettent le recours à la métaphore pour l'utilisation phasique de la triade hier/aujourd'hui/demain. Sans prétendre ici répondre à à cette question, nous proposons d'y apporter des éléments de réflexion fondée sur une perspective diachronique sur le français et contrastive entre le français, l'espagnol, l'hébreu et le maya yucatèque. On constatera que le maya yucatèque contraste lexicalement les deux types de temps, et n'autorise pas l'utilisation métaphorique de la triade calendaire